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Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that began growing on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to become one of the largest empires in the ancient world.

1. The Roman Emperor: The man who ruled over the whole empire.

             Click on Emperor Hadrian's coin to know more abouthe Emperors and Ancient Rome's History

2. Writing: They wrote on papyrus. They created the Latin alphabet, it was the development of the Greek   alphabet; it was very similar to the one we use nowadays. 

3. The Roman army: They were grouped in legions and were highly disciplined and organised. 

4.Civil architecture:  It reflected the prestige, might and wealth of the Roman Empire. The architecture was a unifying symbol for the whole empire.

• Roman roads: they were built as straight as possible; it was easier for the army and the common citizens to move.

• The aqueducts: they were used to supply the cities with water.

Ancient Greeks

Check out this link: Ancient Greek : Primary History

Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece is a group of cities called city-states. They were independent; e.g. Athens, Sparta, Corinth, Megara or Argas.

Greek architecture:

1. Houses and farms: built with bricks and mud.

     2.  Temples and palaces: built with marble and limestone.

Greek mythology: They lived on the Olympus mountain, the most powerful was Zeus.




The Olympic Games: They took place every four years at Olympia. 

Ancient Egypt

Around 5000 years ago the ancient Egyptians established an extraordinary and enduring civilization. 

1. The Nile river was very important for agriculture, it was the water source for the whole empire.

   2.   The writing: They wrote on papyrus, not on paper. They hadn't got an alphabet, they used hieroglyphs.

 

3. Afterlife: They believed that humans possessed a ka, or life-force, which left the body at the point of death.

A rare view of the Egyptian book of death

Pollution

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment.


We can distinguish three different pollution kinds:

1. Water pollution: Some of the waste from towns, villages or factories is poisonous and end up in rivers and oceans.

For further information:

http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/

     2.   Air pollution: harmful substances enter the air we breathe.

For further information:

http://www.clean-air-kids.org.uk/airquality.html

     3.   Land pollution: we produce a lot of rubbish, which can pollute the land with dangerous substances for    the soil.

This game is the ultimate trash chase and pickup challenge

Environmental websites for kids

Rural Vs. Urban life.

Do you live in a rural or in an urban area? Answer this question as a comment to this post and you will get a lollipop!

Rural and Urban Life.

Urban life: Cities and towns:

1. There are many different kinds of buildings.
2. There are different urban transport systems: underground trains ( Ex. London´s Tube, NY´s Subway or Madrid´s Metro) or bus lines.
3. There's a complex system of streets, avenues, squares and roads to move around a city.

Rural life: villages and hamlets.

1. There aren't so many buildings and they are small.
2. The public means of transport are used to go to other towns, cities or villages.
3. Streets are narrow because the traffic is not a state.
4. We can find farms in the villages or around them since they are on the countryside.

The tides

There are two different tides:

1. The low tide.
2. The high tide.

The tides are provoked by the Moon's Gravity.

Oceans and seas.

Oceans are masses of salt water.

VS.

A sea is smaller than an ocean.

Can you place on the map the South China Sea, the Caribbean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea?

Students leaving comments with underwater life video links will get a lollipop, come on fourth-graders!

Rivers.

A river is a stream of water.

A tributary river flows into another river.

Rivers flow along a channel.
The bottom of the river is the bed.
The sides of the channel are the banks.

Cliffs and plateaus

Cliffs are rock or soil steep walls.

A plateau is the plain where the houses are. 

A plateau is a plain on a higher position.

Glaciers

Glaciers are huge areas of moving ice.

Glaciers move downwards because of Gravitation.

Hills, mountains and valleys.

Mountains are high and have pointed tops. On the other hand, hills are not so high and have rounded tops.

Ex: The green ones are hills since they are not so high as the ones on the background, those are mountains: they are pointed topped.

Valleys are low areas among mountains or hills.

Can you see those mountains? 

The valley is between them.

Plains

Plains are large flat areas of land.

Landforms

A landform is a natural shape on the earth's surface. 

The excretory system.

Organs in the excretory system:

• Kidneys: They clean our blood.

• Ureters: Tubes conneccting the kidneys with the bladder.

• Bladder: Urine is stored in the bladder.

• Urethra: a tube that carries the urine out of the body.

The circulatory system.

The heart and the blood vessels form the circulatory system.

The circulatory system carries blood around our body.

Types of blood vessels.

There are three types of blood vessels:

1. Arteries: they carry blood full of nutrients and oxygen.
2. Capillaries: they are small ones because they get to every part of our body.
3. Veins: they carry blood poor in oxygen and nutrients.
Types of Blood Vessels

More educational games & videos on Circulatory System at NeoK12.com  

The digestive system.

The digestive system includes: mouth, stomach, oesophagus, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.

The digestion is the main purpose of the digestive system.

Digestion transforms food into the nutrients our body needs to live.

Respiratory system

The respiratory system

Inhalation: To breathe in.

Exhalation: To breathe out.









Inhalation:

1. Our nose cleans and warms up the air. 
2. The air passes through the larynx and the windpipe. 
3. Then the windpipe is divided into the two bronchial tubes. 
4. Finally the air goes into the lungs.

Exhalation:

The air goes the opposite direction from the lungs to the nose/mouth through the bronchial tubes, the windpipe and the larynx.